General Chemistry

Bronze is a metal alloy consisting primarily of copper, usually with tin as the main additive. It is hard and tough, and it was particularly significant in antiquity, so much that the Bronze Age was named after the metal. However, historical pieces were often made interchangeably of bronzes or brasses with different compositions,

Liquid petroleum gas is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases used as a fuel in heating appliances and vehicles. It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. it has primarily butane (C4H10).

In chemistry, an amphoteric species is a molecule or ion that can react as an acid as well as a base. Many metals (such as zinc, tin, lead, aluminium, and beryllium) and most metalloids form amphoteric oxides or hydroxides. Amphoterism depends on the oxidation state of the oxide.

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Most of the human body is made up of water, H2O, with cells consisting of 65-90% water by weight. Therefore, it isn’t surprising that most of a human body’s mass is oxygen. Carbon, the basic unit for organic molecules, comes in second. 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of just six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.

) The nucleus is the very dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom. It was discovered in 1911, as a result of Ernest Rutherford’s interpretation of the famous 1909 Rutherford experiment performed by Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden, under the direction of Rutherford. The proton–neutron model of nucleus was proposed by Dmitry Ivanenko in 1932.

Quartz is an abundant mineral in the Earth’s continental crust. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall formula SiO2 . There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semiprecious gemstones. Most quartz used in microelectronics is produced synthetically.

An isobar is a line of equal or constant pressure on a graph, plot, or map; an isopleth or contour line of pressure. More accurately, isobars are lines drawn on a map joining places of equal average atmospheric pressure reduced to sea level for a specified period of time.

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Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate is the chemical compound with the formula NaHCO3 . Sodium bicarbonate is a white solid that is crystalline but often appears as a fine powder. It has a slightly salty, alkaline taste resembling that of washing soda (sodium carbonate). The natural mineral form is nahcolite. It is a component of the mineral natron and is found dissolved in many mineral springs.

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